70 years ago: Hong Kong's wartime diaries
19 May 1943, Chronology of Events Related to Stanley Civilian Internment Camp
Submitted by brian edgar on Fri, 2012-12-07 17:58Book / Document:Date(s) of events described:Wed, 19 May 1943Lady Mary Grayburn, Mr. and Mrs Compton, Mrs Eva Pearce, Mrs Eileen Hyde and her son Michael (4) are sent to Stanley from the Sun Wah or the French Hospital. They are all billetted in Bungalow D.
Source:
David Tett, Captives of Cathay, 2007, 297
Note:
According to Emily Hahn (China To Me, 1986 ed., 390) this was a voluntary move consequent on her husband's arrest:
Lady Grayburn went out at once to Stanley, at her own request. From there she pelted the Foreign Affairs people with letters, her own and the Colonial Secretary's.
However, Sir Vandeleur was arrested on March 17 (see that day's entry) and the two month gap casts doubt on Hahn's account, although I don't doubt the frequent letters (the Colonial Secretary was Franklin Gimson).
19 May 1943, R. E. Jones Wartime diary
Submitted by Admin on Sun, 2013-04-28 22:07Book / Document:Date(s) of events described:Wed, 19 May 1943Beach not opened today. Windy & wet.
((G))
Italy asked re separate peace & King V. Emm. abdicated. Aerial demonstration & leaflet raid over Rome.
Five more people arrived from French Hosp.
Full moon.
Attachment to BAAG document RS/28
Submitted by David on Thu, 2013-11-28 18:17Book / Document:Date(s) of events described:Wed, 19 May 1943((The following document describes the events leading to the Japanese arresting a BAAG agent working in Hong Kong.))
Attached to RD/28 d/19.5.43.
MOST SECRET
AN ACCOUNT OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE ARREST OF 60.
60, 61, and 63 have been for some time trying to arrange for the escape of Capt Ansari from MATAUCHUNG CAMP. Helping them in this enterprise was another man YEUNG TAK YI, not previously heard of at A. H. Q., YEUNG was born in PENANG and was formally a schoolmaster at QUEEN'S COLLEGE, HONG KONG.
In order to further this plan, 60 attended on 12 April 43 and meeting of the Indian Independence league. There he asked several of his acquaintances which Indian was ANSARI. It seems that several people pointed out to him a certain Indian with a moustache, and 60 made up his mind that this was ANSARI. After the meeting was over, 60 accosted this man in the street, addressing him as "LIEUT. ANSARI". The man allowed himself to be drawn into conversation and did not deny that that was his name; the two had tea together in a cafe. When they parted, 60 had asked him to tea the following day in his own house, and was still under the impression that he was ANSARI. The man had accepted the invitation and had asked whether he might bring a close friend of his; to this 60 had agreed and had arranged to meet the 2 Indians at the PEAK TRAM STATION.
On the following day-13 April 43-the moustached Indian and one other Indian arrived at the PEAK TRAM STATION as arranged; 61 and 63 watched their approach to see that they were not followed or accompanied by detectives. There appeared to be no deception, so 60 went forward, met them and took them to his house for tea. Others present were: 61, 63, YEUNG TAK YEE. A distant relative of 60's called A. HING acted as a servant at the tea party and 60's wife saw all the guests, though she did not sit at the tea.
YEUNG and 61 were suspicious before the party about the identity of the moustached Indian whom 60 had met because his description did not tally with that of CAPTAIN ANSARI, especially in that his English was not as good as that of ANSARI was reputed to be. During the tea party, the moustached Indian was asked directly whether or not he was in fact ANSARI. He at once admitted that he was not and explained the deception by saying that he had long been waiting for a chance to escape from HONG KONG and could not resist seizing this opportunity when it offered. He went on to say that if 60 etc wanted to arrange for ANSARI's escape, then he and his friend were the ones best placed to help. He said that he and the other Indian were both working in the I.N.A. H.Q. And could through I.N.A. influence arrange at any time for ANSARI to be brought out of the camp. It may here be recorded that A.H.Q. are now reasonably satisfied that the 2 Indians are:-
1. L/NK MOM'D SABAR (moustached), 2/14 PUNJAB REGIMENT
2. L/NK MOM'D IQBAL, 1st HONG KONG REGT., H.K.S.R.A.
It was arranged that some plan on the following lines should be put into operation: the two Indians should bring ANSARI out from the camp, and 60 and his friends should arrange for all three of them to be brought to Free China. SABAR and IQBAL agreed to this, but objected that ANSARI would probably not be prepared to trust them. They therefore asked 60 what means he had previously used to contact ANSARI. 60 revealed to them that it had been done through an Indian named MASTER, also a prisoner in MATAUCHUNG CAMP. MASTER is not actually known to A.H.Q. but it is thought that he is an ex-volunteer, probably local Indian, and it is known that his wife is free and had taken 60's message into the camp; it is thought that she had also been sending messages to ANSARI for 97, but independently. It was finally agreed that SABAR and IQBAL should first of all bring MASTER out of the, and that 60 should see him in person and convince him that they were to be trusted. MASTER was then to go back into the camp and inform ANSARI of what was afoot. After that ANSARI was to be brought out at the first opportunity and everyone was to leave at once for China.
As soon as the Indians had left, there was an altercation between 60 and 61 who said that 60 had been most incautious in the whole matter, and that in particular it had wrong to mention MASTER's name. 60 finally agreed that MASTER and got in touch with the 2 Indians again and told them that the plan had been changed-they were not to bring MASTER out of the camp, but were to wait for favourable conditions and bring out ANSARI himself. In the meantime 60 would do his best to get in touch with ANSARI by other means and warn him to expect some action.
63 was at once sent to A.H.Q.where he arrived on 17 April 43. He brought a brief report from 60s saying that definite headway had been made, and 63 himself gave verbal information that the general plan was to make use of two Indians from the I.N.A.office who had promised to help by bringing ANSARI out of the camp and to come out themselves to Free China with ANSARI. But neither 60's written report nor 63's verbal report contained any information about the mistaken identification of the moustached Indian or about the negotiations which had led up to the plan being formed. 63 is not necessarily to blame for this as he knows no English, and since the conversation at the tea-party was carried on in English he himself was not clear about what had happened. 63 did however explain that 60 was waiting for a letter from ANSARI before taking any action, that a letter was expected at any moment, and that as soon as it arrived 61 would be sent up to A.H.Q.to report. He never actually did so.
There are arrived at A.H.Q., at the same time as 63, a report from 19 to the effect that he had made contact with ANSARI through NARANJAN SINGH, an Indian doing guard duty for the Japanese, and was hoping to make arrangements soon for his escape.
Reply was sent to 60 as follows: "good work; hope all is going well. Be quite certain that plan is good before you act. Am ordering close cooperation between all agents." At the same time a message was sent to 19 ordering him to cooperate with 60 and enclosing a note for ANSARI warning him that he might expect action through either of two channels. 63 left A.H.Q.on 19 April 43.
What happened later is not so clear; it is known that neither of the A.H.Q.vestiges reached 60 or 19, but 19 was nevertheless informed (by 25) to some extent of the progress made by 60. 19 certainly knew of the "mistaken identity" episode, and 19 did not approach 60 or suggest cooperation. It is thought that he considered 60's plan rather rash.
On 21 April 43 at about 13:00 hours YEUNG TAK YI took some rice to 60's house and found the house occupied by gendarmes who questioned him closely about his business. The rice provided a pretext and he was allowed to go but was unable at the time to find out what had happened. He got in touch with 63 at once. 63 had already been to 60's house that morning – having just returned to HONG KONG from A.H.Q.– had seen from the street that something unusual had happened, and had not entered the house at all. Both YEUNG and 63 made all efforts to find out what had happened, 63 through an ex-soldier (R.A.) named TO of the LOK TIN TEI Gambling Den, SHAMSHUIPO (this man knew 60, 61, 63 and YEUNG and probably had a shrewd idea of what they were doing) and YEUNG through the friends and relations of 60. By the evening of 21 April 43 the following information was already known to 63 and YEUNG through TO: 60's house was raided at 03:00 hours on 21 April 43 and 60, 61, 60's wife and A. HING were arrested. They were kept under arrest in their own house until about 17:00 hours and meantime a thorough search of the house was carried out. The gendarmes questioned everybody about a man named Lee whom they wanted to arrest. At about 17:00 hours the whole party was taken to the CENTRAL POLICE STATION. As Lee was the false name used by 63 at the tea-party, YEUNG and 63 at once assumed that the raid was the result of information given by the two Indians.
At about midday on 22 April 43 message was received by YEUNG from 60's wife who had been released on the previous night soon after the prisoners arrived at CENTRAL POLICE STATION. This message corroborated the information already received but added that 63's real name was now known to the gendarmes who were searching for him and for a man named YEUNG. YEUNG drew from this the inference that A.HING had probably told the Japanese all he knew, and he at once moved to another house. He arranged for his servant to watch the house where he usually lived, and he received news the same evening that Japanese police agents were watching the house; so he decided to leave HONG KONG at once. He left on the morning of 23 April 43, having looked in vain for 63, and arrived at A.H.Q.on 25 April 43. He was identified by 62 and gave all the information he had. He is still at A.H.Q.and arrangements have been made to support his family in HONG KONG for the time being.
In the meantime 63 had been expecting a call from 25 on 21 April 43. By the morning of 22 April 43 he had still heard nothing from him, so he went to look for him. He was told by a relation of 25's in a SHAMSHUIPO shop that 25 had been arrested in his aunt's house on the 21 April 43. 63 at once went to 75 at Y and reported all he knew. Shortly after his arrival at Y an incoherent report was received through the Gs. To the effect 63 had been arrested and tortured and that he had given away information leading to the arrest of 25 at shop Z together with "two fokies". This is clearly quite false as 63 has never been arrested at all and is safe in Free China. According to orders given to 25 on 7 April 43 he was to cease going to shop Z and the Z collecting work was to be carried out without the shop being used. As far as is known at A.H.Q. 25 had carried out these instructions. 63 was proposing to return to HONG KONG to try to find out the real facts when 62 arrived at Y from A.H.Q. 52 had already seen YEUNG TAK YI on the road and knew that 63's real name was known to the Japanese. 63 rightly decided that he could not return to Hong Kong and at once proceeded to A.H.Q., where he still is. Arrangements have been made to support his family and that of 60 in HONG KONG for the time being.
On 29 April 43, 19's father and other members of his family arrived at A.H.Q.and reported that 19 was arrested in the house where they all lived on the morning of 21 April 43 at about 06:30 hours. The whole house was searched – without anything incriminating being found – and 19 was told that he would be held on a charge of having undesirable associations. It is known that 97 also has been detained (this was learned through YEUNG, who had it from 60's brother JIMMY) but it is not known on what charge or when the arrest occurred. It is believed that 97 has for some considerable time past been in touch with the prisoners in the Indian camp (MATAUCHUNG CAMP) through MASTER's wife. It is most unlikely that 97 was arrested through 19 as the real contact for 97 was 98. 98 went to 19's house on the afternoon of 21 April after 19 had been taken away by the Japanese; he was warned by 19's father, destroyed his reports and got away without doing anything to cause suspicion to be aroused and without being questioned.
A later report from the Guerillas has now been received to the effect that Shop Z was raided at 08:00 hours on 21 April 43. None of importance was caught and no incriminating documents were found. 99's family who lived there were arrested but all except 99's brother have already been set free. 99 himself was at A.H.Q. at the time and his successor at post Z was not in the shop when the raid took place. As 99's successor does not receive his instructions direct from us, it is not known whether he was in fact using the shop at the time of the arrests. The Guerillas were officially informed on about 10 April 43 that we intended to close the shop.
As soon as 60's arrest was reported to A.H.Q. orders were sent to 47 to try to investigate the matter. Reply has now been received from 47; he reports that many people have been arrested including "British and Portuguese". Some Indian traitors, he says pretended that they wish to escape and got full details from Chinese who were willing to help which they at once reported to the Japanese authorities under ENDO. Several Indian P.O.Ws in MATAUCHUNG Camp, including Captain ANSARI and a local Indian Volunteer, have been arrested. Many Chinese have been detained including some peasants from the New Territories who were connected with some escape route. 47 stresses that this affair is "not of gendarmerie but of Indian Independence League" and he lays the chief blame on HAKIM KHAN.
He gives the names of several men who have, he says, acted as informers, including that of MOM'D IQBAL and says he can probably supply fuller details later.
NOTE: the information contained in the above report is drawn from the following sources: 63, YEUNG TAK YI, 19's family, Guerilla Intelligence, 99 and 47. The report summarises all information available on 6 May 43. Every effort is being made to get fuller information as soon as possible.
((The above text was originally attached to BAAG document RS/28. In the AWM collection its file number is 11/32/130 - 11/32/134. A copy is filed in the Elizabeth Ride Collection here in Hong Kong under the date 19th May 1943.))
19 May 1943, Eric MacNider's wartime diary
Submitted by Admin on Fri, 2016-05-13 12:40Book / Document:Date(s) of events described:Wed, 19 May 1943Mr. + Mrs. Compton, Mrs Pearce, Mrs Hyde, Lady Grayburn came into Camp.
19 May 1943, John Charter's wartime journal
Submitted by HK Bill on Mon, 2021-07-12 12:35Book / Document:Date(s) of events described:Wed, 19 May 1943In those days I had a moustache and a beard and it meant shaving all this camouflage off, as I had to resemble, as nearly as possible, the fair Viola, which part was being played by Nora Witchell. She and I are exactly the same height and are both of the slender variety of build (thin in my case), but there the likeness stopped. In ‘A Marriage’ – I had to appear as a middle aged Edwardian and I intended to have at least side-whiskers and a moustache, and John thought a beard too, as it would then be easier to age me. So these two plays came just the wrong way round. I had to shave myself on Jan 6th and appear again with a rich and splendid fungus by Jan 14th. However, I decided I could manage the side-whiskers and moustache in that time.
‘Twelfth Night’ was the third play in Hong Kong for which I had proceeded with rehearsals. In neither of the earlier two had I appeared. I had dropped out of the first in 1940 because I was invited to go on the Inter-port Rugger Tour to Shanghai and ‘George and Margaret’ the second, had got to within one week of the ‘first night’ when the blitz out here started. So I became superstitious about this third play and said I was sure something would happen to prevent its presentation. Well, on Jan 4th Todd, who was taking the part of ‘Sir Toby’ fell during a game of football and tore a ligament in his knee! So the play had to be put off. However, it was presented and I did appear in my first play in Hong Kong.
Bill Colledge, the producer, took the part of Sir Toby and Cyril Brown took the part of Sebastian, formerly played by Bill. In the end the play was presented on Monday and Tuesday evening January 11th and 12th and a matinée on Monday. Bill and Cyril did very well (especially Bill) in their parts at such short notice. Bill’s arrangement of the play was very well done: he cut out various scenes without spoiling the plot or the continuity of the play and nowhere did he alter the text. I think it went down quite well.
The costumes were very well done. The Red Cross cardigans (of thick woollen khaki material) trimmed with reds, blues etc. and belted, made excellent doublets; and we wore blue or black shorts gathered at the knee and ladies stockings, for the lower portion of the mens’ garments. Daggers etc. were made in camp. Gordon Stopani-Thompson, as the Duke, managed to acquire a pair of satin pants which were stuffed with paper to give the right effect! The staging and stage sets were very simple and effective. My only criticism is that Bill is content with too low a standard of acting and his later productions have rather confirmed this view, in my opinion. It is not that he cannot get his plays more highly polished but that he seems to think “Oh that’s good enough”.
Owing to the alteration of dates, ‘Twelfth Night’ came right on top of ‘A Marriage Has Been Arranged’ and, with a break on Wednesday only, I performed on all the other 5 days. I had also to make do without a moustache, though I contrived side-whiskers. For ‘A Marriage’ I made up myself with water colour paints as there was no theatrical make up in camp, and it really proved a remarkably good medium to work with. Viv Garton made up most of the people for ‘Twelfth Night’ with the aid of an eye brow pencil, some rouge and face powder generously lent by some lady. He lined and coloured Nora and me in exactly the same way and I was quite surprised at the number of people who afterwards remarked on the resemblance between Nora and myself.
I must say I enjoyed ‘A Marriage Has Been Arranged’. It is a well written play to start with, though I found difficulty in reaching a satisfactory interpretation of Sutro’s character Harrison Cockstead. The character is that of a self made man of 42 years of age, the last 10 of which only have known wealth – and vast wealth – the former 32 years having been spent in savage and bitter poverty. In the action of the play, Cockstead says, “I have no polish, or culture, nor taste, art wearies me, literature sends me to sleep”. And yet the words spoken by him in his part are undoubtably those of a cultured and well read man; a man, in fact, who has learnt and appreciates French. There is a certain amount of confusion, I think in the drawing of this character, but after a good deal of dissension we agreed on the interpretation we thought best and went ahead.
Sheila lives in this flat so, as there are only two of us, rehearsals were easy. My experience with John Roberston as a producer is that he forms a clear picture of the play and is generally quite clear and definite in his directing – which of course helps enormously. There had been some confusion somewhere and instead of being asked to put on a whole evening of plays we were asked, by the Entertainment Committee, to put on one play with two other dialogues. Both of these were dramatised versions of dialogue from Dorothy Parkers books, one produced by Richard Mills with Danny Wilson and Joan Dupuis, called ‘Here We Are’ and the other called ‘Fireworks after Dark’ with John Sterricker and Day Sage, produced by Mrs Graham-Barrow.
Both these were modern and very amusing, so our play was put in the middle of the programme. The setting for ours was the ante-room of a ballroom and by dint of borrowing some elegant silver candle sticks, a carved, velvet backed seated armchair that had been sent in to a Mrs Rowel from the American Embassy, by covering an old and dilapidated couch with some lace curtains and by concocting the inevitable aspidistra, we managed to produce quite an Edwardian atmosphere. We both wore evening dress. I think the evening as a whole went very well. Sheila and I both enjoyed doing our play and people were very generous in their praise. Several people let themselves be carried away to the extent of saying it was, “Good enough for the London stage”. What internment will do to people.
I then had a rest while Yvonne got going. Carol Bateman produced a ballet taken from the book of Esther in the Bible. At least, she built a ballet on that story, composing all the dances herself. It was a tremendous undertaking. She started rehearsals on 4th Feb and it was presented on 19th March, and there were over 60 people in the cast. There were 13 men, but they were officers, chancellors and such and performed marches and actions to music rather than dances. Peggy Hunter was chosen as Esther and Goldie was the King. These two had done a lot of dancing together before the war with Goucharoff and had often appeared before the public. Peggy is really good.
Yvonne appeared in a very saucy slave dance, then in the virgins’ dance and finally in the lament of the Jews when they read the proclamation that Hayman has persuaded King Ahaquarus to make, condemning the Jews to death on a certain day.This dance, I thought, was beautifully conceived and very well executed and was the outstanding dance in the ballet: 17 or 18 girls took part in this dance. It was performed to a piece of music called ‘Bolada’ or a name very much like that and so, locally, the dance came to be called by that name. Dinnie Dodwell, another excellent dancer (though I don’t think she has done much actual ballet dancing) took the part of the discarded Queen. Isa Watson and Marjorie Fortescue appeared with four others as six lusty princes and they did two quite effective dances. Elsie Bidwell appeared as a court lady, though she did not dance. Yvonne really danced very well indeed, quite one of the best – and I was watching very critically! She and Sheila had to do a very quick change of costume between the slave dance and the virgins’ dance, so Winnie Deane (who had helped Y make her costume) gallantly stood by each night to help her change. Betty Drown arranged all the music and she and Roy Heasman (violin) played for the whole ballet.
