1905: TST takes off
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I've read before about the rapid growth of Tsim Sha Tsui (TST) at the start of the 20th Century, and that certainly shows up in the Jurors Lists.
Here's how the number of jurors with a Kowloon address grows from 1896 to 1905:
List Year | Kowloon Jurors | Total Jurors |
1896 | 29 | 788 |
1900 | 51 | 999 |
1905 | 87 | 967 |
While I've got the spreadsheets open, let's check a few more hunches. It seemed the latest (1905) list is a lot more accurate. To see if that's true, here's a breakdown of the Kowloon jurors by whether their address just shows "Kowloon", or also gives a building and / or street name:
List Year | Only "Kowloon" | Full Address |
1896 | 21 | 8 |
1900 | 24 | 27 |
1904 | 31 | 35 |
1905 | 8 | 79 |
There's more of an improvement than I expected in the middle years, but 1905 is when there's the big jump in quality. Whoever was responsible for the 1905 list took a lot more care about collecting a full address.
Can we also track how building progressed across the peninsula?
Here are addresses broken down by street:
18 96 | 18 97 | 18 98 | 18 99 | 19 00 | 19 01 | 19 02 | 19 03 | 19 04 | 19 05 | |
Ashley Road | 2 | 8 | ||||||||
Austin Avenue | 1 | |||||||||
Cameron Road | 1 | |||||||||
Carnarvon Road | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
Chater Street / Peking Road | 1 | |||||||||
Des Voeux Road / Chatham Road | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | ||||
East Avenue / Sainam Avenue | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
East Road / Hanoi Road | 1 | |||||||||
East Terrace / Wuchow Terrace | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
Elgin Road / Haiphong Road | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 10 | |
Garden Road / Hankow Road | 1 | 1 | 6 | |||||||
Granville Road | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | |||
Kimberley Road | 3 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 11 |
Macdonnell Road / Canton Road | 2 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Middle Road | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 8 |
Robinson Road / Nathan Road | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||
Salisbury Avenue | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Other | 21 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 19 | 35 | 37 | 34 | 15 |
Total | 29 | 33 | 43 | 46 | 51 | 39 | 55 | 52 | 66 | 87 |
We can see which are the early roads to be lived in - There's Middle Road, near the old shoreline, and Canton Road near the wharves. Kimberley Road was also an early and popular choice, as it runs along a ridge giving residents a good view across to the island, and the chance of a breeze. And there's Haiphong Road, whose main source of Jurors is the Kowloon Hotel.
The smaller, "filling-in" roads start appearing through the decade, but really take off in 1904-5.
So, no great revelations, but another way at looking at the development of Kowloon.
Regards, David
Notes:
- In the last table, several street names have changed since 1905. Where that's happened, I show the older, 1905 name first in italics. That's the name you'll see in the jurors lists. The second name shows what the streetname was changed to in 1909. There are couple of cases (Sainam Avenue and Wuchow Terrace) where the name must have been changed again since. Does anyone know their present-day names?
- For that last table, where an address only gave a building name I've included it in the count for the nearest street. If I can't identify the building's location (ie Bay View, Eranee Bungalow, Holyrood, Holywood, Gas works, Roseneak, Roseneath, Seymour Villas), I've included it in the 'other' count. The Gas Works is also included in the 'other' line, as it was up on Jordan Road, out of our area of interest.
Comments
Sainam Avenue / Wuchow Terrace
According to a Chinese web page containing the names of Kowloon and NT streets whose names have changed over the years (http://www.hk-place.com/viewtext.php?id=358), East Avenue and Sainam Avenue became (probably combined to become) Hart Avenue, and Wuchow Terrace became Gordon Terrace, both changes (plus the the other 7 listed above) occurring on 19 March 1909. Gordon Terrace, however, no longer exists today.
It's a large table and the webmaster has listed the old and new names in both Chinese and English.
As an aside, the equivalent table for HK island is on http://www.hk-place.com/view.php?id=309.
The quoted sources are the Hong Kong Government Gazette, various street maps and 2 books published in Chinese.
re: Sainam Avenue / Wuchow Terrace
Bunce, thanks for the extra information.
Just to clarify the dates, the first round of changes that happened on 19 March, 1909 are as follows (see item 184 in the HK Gov't Gazette for 19 March 1909):
Then there must have been later rounds of name changes that made the changes you list above: Sainam Avenue to today's Hart Avenue, and Wuchow Terrace to Gordon Terrace.
I found this mention of Gordon Terrace from 1913, which gives a person's address as "3, Gordon Terrace, Hanoi Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong". So perhaps 'Gordon Terrace' was the name of a building, rather than the name of a road?
Regards, David
old road names
Just wondering about this entry in the 1925 jurors list:
Garden Road was renamed in 1909, so why is the old name still there?
re: old road names
Hi Klaus, first I wondered if we'd mis-copied it from the original document for the 1925 list, but that shows the address as "24Garden Road, Kowloon" too.
But the 1926 list has him at "Jordan Road, Kowloon". Maybe the written notes for the 1925 list weren't very clear, so "Jordan" got typed up as "Garden"?
Jurors Lists v. Ladies Directories?
David, might the Ladies Directories be a more accurate record of residences than the Jurors Lists - at least for married men? I notice in the 1906 Jurors List that my grandfather, C.E. Warren, gives his business address in Des Voeux Road rather than his Kowloon address at the newly built Observatory Villas, given for Mrs C. E. Warren. That statistic would of course leave out all the unmarried working men, but I thought it worth mentioning. I see that Hoito mentions that the Ladies Directories can be downloaded and scanned for free for anyone who has the right to use the HKU library.
re: Jurors Lists v. Ladies Directories?
Yes, many entries in the Jurors Lists show business addresses, so the Ladies Directories are a good source of residential addresses.
East Terrace / Wuchow Terrace or East St, Hong Kong?
My grandfather Tobias Hunter and his brother George Hunter lived at 4 East Terrace in 1905. I had thought it was Hong Kong but now think it must have been Kowloon. They moved later to Humphreys Avenue, Kowloon, so not far away. My theory is it must have been the name of a set of garden apartments that seem to have been the norm in that area. It was probably located on East Road ( Hanoi Rd abt 1909 )
There is one other possibility though, and that is, maybe there was a same named building on East Street, off Hollywood Road, near Lascar in Hong Kong. That would also have been very close to their original 11 Shelley Street address. More mysteries!
Additional source for Kowloon Inhabitants
The Directory & chronicle for China, Japan, Corea, ... , published 1894, gives a list of 38 people living in Kowloon, see Gwulo Forum.
The following buildings are listed:
Bay View
Bonaccord Bungalow
Glenthorne
Greencroft
Kimberley Villas
Knutsford Terrace
Kowloon Club
Kowloon Wharves
Rose Cottages
Victoria View