18 Mar 1945, John Charter's wartime journal

The news is good – it always is these days; but my goodness how these Germans hang on and hang on. One cannot but admire their stoicism but I do wish they’d be good fellows and give up trying; it would make things so much easier.

For the last month or so the Japanese have been working like badgers on anti-invasion defences around Stanley. They are busy tunnelling into the hillsides, not much above water level, at numerous points on this peninsula and the adjoining bays and headlands, and blasting goes on day and night. Tunnels command Stanley beach (double tunnels at both ends) and I imagine they will be used as heavy machine gun nests to repel any landing. They are blasting level patches for gun positions too. They are at work on one of the hillsides just above the gaol. It faces to, and commands, the narrow neck of this peninsula at Stanley village and they have constructed a roadway which connects it to the road leading to the fort.  They have driven a tunnel into the hill too, behind the gun platform. Mobile guns have been seen, some weeks ago, on their way to the fort. But this particular position seems a very bad and exposed one to my inexperienced eye. It is true that it will command, admirably, the Stanley mound and Mt Parker range of hills but, then, it too is easily commanded from these very ranges and I doubt if the Japs will achieve much in the way of camouflage. The gaol and our blocks will be in the direct line of fire and shells that fall short may do serious damage to civilians. Judging by reports of the fighting on Leyte, the Philippines, Iwajima etc., it seems that the Japanese garrisons usually retire to one final fortified position and there fight it out to the bitter end. We are wondering if they have picked upon Stanley peninsula for the position of their last stand in HK. This place saw the last of the British resistance in Dec 1941. It is the most natural stronghold on the island and it is a place to which forces on the other parts of the island can easily retire if the attack comes from the mainland – as in the case of the Jap attack on this Colony.